ACC SHELL

NAME
    dos2unix - DOS/MAC to UNIX and vice versa text file format converter

SYNOPSIS
        dos2unix [options] [-c CONVMODE] [-o FILE ...] [-n INFILE OUTFILE ...]
        unix2dos [options] [-c CONVMODE] [-o FILE ...] [-n INFILE OUTFILE ...]

DESCRIPTION
    The Dos2unix package includes utilities "dos2unix" and "unix2dos" to
    convert plain text files in DOS or MAC format to UNIX format and vice
    versa. Binary files and non-regular files, such as soft links, are
    automatically skipped, unless conversion is forced.

    Dos2unix has a few conversion modes similar to dos2unix under
    SunOS/Solaris.

    In DOS/Windows text files line endings exist out of a combination of two
    characters: a Carriage Return (CR) followed by a Line Feed (LF). In Unix
    text files line endings exists out of a single Newline character which
    is equal to a DOS Line Feed (LF) character. In Mac text files, prior to
    Mac OS X, line endings exist out of a single Carriage Return character.
    Mac OS X is Unix based and has the same line endings as Unix.

OPTIONS
    -c, --convmode CONVMODE
        Set conversion mode. Where CONVMODE is one of: *ascii*, *7bit*,
        *iso*, *mac* with ascii being the default.

    -f, --force
        Force conversion of all files. Also binary files.

    -h, --help
        Display online help.

    -k, --keepdate
        Keep the date stamp of output file same as input file.

    -L, --license
        Display software license.

    -l, --newline
        Add additional newline.

        dos2unix: Only DOS line endings are changed to two Unix line
        endings. In Mac mode only Mac line endings are changed to two Unix
        line endings.

        unix2dos: Only Unix line endings are changed to two DOS line
        endings. In Mac mode Unix line endings are changed to two Mac line
        endings.

    -n, --newfile INFILE OUTFILE ...
        New file mode. Convert the infile and write output to outfile. File
        names must be given in pairs and wildcard names should NOT be used
        or you WILL lose your files.

    -o, --oldfile FILE ...
        Old file mode. Convert the file and write output to it. The program
        default to run in this mode. Wildcard names may be used.

    -q, --quiet
        Quiet mode. Suppress all warning and messages.

    -V, --version
        Display version information.

CONVERSION MODES
    Conversion modes *ascii*, *7bit*, and *iso* are similar to those of
    dos2unix/unix2dos under SunOS/Solaris.

    ascii
        dos2unix: In this mode DOS line endings are converted to Unix line
        endings. Unix and Mac line endings are not changed.

        unix2dos: In this mode Unix line endings are converted to DOS line
        endings. DOS and Mac line endings are not changed.

        Although the name of this mode is ASCII, which is a 7 bit standard,
        the actual mode is 8 bit.

    mac dos2unix: In this mode Mac line endings are converted to Unix line
        endings. DOS and Unix line endigs are not changed. You can also use
        the command "mac2unix" to run dos2unix in Mac mode.

        unix2dos: In this mode Unix line endings are converted to Mac line
        endings. DOS and Mac line endigs are not changed. You can also use
        the command "unix2mac" to run unix2dos in Mac mode.

    7bit
        In this mode DOS line endings are converted to Unix line endings or
        vice versa. All 8 bit non-ASCII characters (with values from 128 to
        255) are converted to a space.

    iso In this mode DOS line endings are converted to Unix line endings or
        vice versa. Characters are converted between the DOS character set
        (code page) CP437 and ISO character set ISO-8859-1 on Unix. CP437
        characters without ISO-8859-1 equivalent, for which conversion is
        not possible, are converted to a dot. The same counts for ISO-8859-1
        characters without CP437 counterpart. CP437 is mainly used in the
        USA. In Western Europe CP850 is more standard.

        Another option to convert text files between different encodings is
        to use dos2unix in combination with iconv(1). Iconv can convert
        between a long list of character encodings. Some examples:

        Convert from DOS DOSLatinUS to Unix Latin-1

            iconv -f CP437 -t ISO-8859-1 in.txt | dos2unix > out.txt

        Convert from DOS DOSLatin1 to Unix Latin-1

            iconv -f CP850 -t ISO-8859-1 in.txt | dos2unix > out.txt

        Convert from Windows WinLatin1 to Unix Latin-1

            iconv -f CP1252 -t ISO-8859-1 in.txt | dos2unix > out.txt

        Convert from Windows WinLatin1 to Unix UTF-8 (Unicode)

            iconv -f CP1252 -t UTF-8 in.txt | dos2unix > out.txt

        Convert from Windows UTF-16 (Unicode) to Unix UTF-8 (Unicode)

            iconv -f UTF-16 -t UTF-8 in.txt | dos2unix > out.txt

        Convert from Unix Latin-1 to DOS DOSLatinUS

            unix2dos < in.txt | iconv -f ISO-8859-1 -t CP437 > out.txt

        Convert from Unix Latin-1 to DOS DOSLatin1

            unix2dos < in.txt | iconv -f ISO-8859-1 -t CP850 > out.txt

        Convert from Unix Latin-1 to Windows WinLatin1

            unix2dos < in.txt | iconv -f ISO-8859-1 -t CP1252 > out.txt

        Convert from Unix UTF-8 (Unicode) to Windows WinLatin1

            unix2dos < in.txt | iconv -f UTF-8 -t CP1252 in.txt > out.txt

        Convert from Unix UTF-8 (Unicode) to Windows UTF-16 (Unicode)

            unix2dos < in.txt | iconv -f UTF-8 -t UTF-16 > out.txt

        See also <http://czyborra.com/charsets/codepages.html> and
        <http://czyborra.com/charsets/iso8859.html>.

UNICODE
    Unicode files can be encoded in different encodings. On Unix/Linux
    Unicode files are mostly encoded in UTF-8 encoding. UTF-8 is ASCII
    compatible. UTF-8 files can be in DOS, Unix or Mac format. It is safe to
    run dos2unix/unix2dos on UTF-8 encoded files. On Windows mostly UTF-16
    encoding is used for Unicode files. Dos2unix/unix2dos should not be run
    on UTF-16 files. UTF-16 files are automatically skipped, because it are
    binary files.

EXAMPLES
    Get input from stdin and write output to stdout.

        dos2unix
        dos2unix -l -c mac

    Convert and replace a.txt. Convert and replace b.txt.

        dos2unix a.txt b.txt
        dos2unix -o a.txt b.txt

    Convert and replace a.txt in ascii conversion mode.

        dos2unix a.txt

    Convert and replace a.txt in ascii conversion mode. Convert and replace
    b.txt in 7bit conversion mode.

        dos2unix a.txt -c 7bit b.txt
        dos2unix -c ascii a.txt -c 7bit b.txt

    Convert a.txt from Mac to Unix format.

        dos2unix -c mac a.txt
        mac2unix a.txt

    Convert a.txt from Unix to Mac format.

        unix2dos -c mac a.txt
        unix2mac a.txt

    Convert and replace a.txt while keeping original date stamp.

        dos2unix -k a.txt
        dos2unix -k -o a.txt

    Convert a.txt and write to e.txt.

        dos2unix -n a.txt e.txt

    Convert a.txt and write to e.txt, keep date stamp of e.txt same as
    a.txt.

        dos2unix -k -n a.txt e.txt

    Convert and replace a.txt. Convert b.txt and write to e.txt.

        dos2unix a.txt -n b.txt e.txt
        dos2unix -o a.txt -n b.txt e.txt

    Convert c.txt and write to e.txt. Convert and replace a.txt. Convert and
    replace b.txt. Convert d.txt and write to f.txt.

        dos2unix -n c.txt e.txt -o a.txt b.txt -n d.txt f.txt

LOCALIZATION
    LANG
        The primary language is selected with the environment variable LANG.
        The LANG variable consists out of several parts. The first part is
        in small letters the language code. The second is optional and is
        the country code in capital letters, preceded with an underscore.
        There is also an optional third part: character encoding, preceded
        with a dot. A few examples for POSIX standard type shells:

            export LANG=nl               Dutch
            export LANG=nl_NL            Dutch, The Netherlands
            export LANG=nl_BE            Dutch, Belgium
            export LANG=es_ES            Spanish, Spain
            export LANG=es_MX            Spanish, Mexico
            export LANG=en_US.iso88591   English, USA, Latin-1 encoding
            export LANG=en_GB.UTF-8      English, UK, UTF-8 encoding

        For a complete list of language and country codes see the gettext
        manual:
        <http://www.gnu.org/software/gettext/manual/gettext.html#Language-Co
        des>

        On Unix systems you can use to command locale(1) to get locale
        specific information.

    LANGUAGE
        With the LANGUAGE environment variable you can specify a priority
        list of languages, separated by colons. Dos2unix gives preference to
        LANGUAGE over LANG. For instance, first Dutch and then German:
        "LANGUAGE=nl:de". You have to first enable localization, by setting
        LANG (or LC_ALL) to a value other than "C", before you can use a
        language priority list through the LANGUAGE variable. See also the
        gettext manual:
        <http://www.gnu.org/software/gettext/manual/gettext.html#The-LANGUAG
        E-variable>

        For Esperanto there is a special language file in x-method format.
        X-method can be used on systems that don't support Latin-3 or
        Unicode character encoding. Make LANGUAGE equal to "eo-x:eo".

        If you select a language which is not available you will get the
        standard English messages.

    DOS2UNIX_LOCALEDIR
        With the environment variable DOS2UNIX_LOCALEDIR the LOCALEDIR set
        during compilation can be overruled. LOCALEDIR is used to find the
        language files. The GNU default value is "/usr/local/share/locale".
        Option "-V" will display the LOCALEDIR that is used.

        Example (windows cmd):

            set DOS2UNIX_LOCALEDIR=c:/my_prefix/share/locale

AUTHORS
    Benjamin Lin - <blin@socs.uts.edu.au>

    Bernd Johannes Wuebben (mac2unix mode) - <wuebben@kde.org>

    Erwin Waterlander - <waterlan@xs4all.nl>

    Project page: <http://www.xs4all.nl/~waterlan/dos2unix.html>

    SourceForge page: <http://sourceforge.net/projects/dos2unix/>

    Freshmeat: <http://freshmeat.net/projects/dos2unix>

SEE ALSO
    iconv(1)